1. Iincazelo ye-Football Pitch

Inkundla yebhola (eyaziwa nangokuthi inkundla yebhola) yindawo yokudlala yomdlalo webhola lezinyawo. Ubukhulu bayo kanye nezimpawu zayo kuchazwa nguMthetho 1 weMithetho Yomdlalo, “Inkundla Yokudlala”. Inkundla ngokuvamile yenziwe ngotshani bemvelo noma utshani bokwenziwa, yize amaqembu angewona ama-amateur nawokuzijabulisa evame ukudlala ezinkundleni zothuli. Izindawo zokwenziwa zivunyelwe ukuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuphela.

Inkundla Yebhola Elijwayelekile inamahektare amangaki?

Inkundla yebhola ejwayelekile ngokuvamile iphakathi kwamahektha angu-1.32 no-1.76 ngobukhulu, kuye ngokuthi iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zobukhulu obuncane noma obukhulu ezibekwe yiFIFA.

Akuzona zonke izinkundla zemidlalo ezinobukhulu obufanayo, yize ubukhulu obukhethwayo bezinkundla zemidlalo zamaqembu amaningi ochwepheshe bungama-105 by 68 metres (115 yd × 74 yd) kanye nendawo engama-7,140 square metres (76,900 sq ft; 1.76 acres; 0.714 ha)

Iphimbo liyisikwele. Izinhlangothi ezinde zibizwa ngokuthi imigqa yokuthinta kanti izinhlangothi ezimfushane zibizwa ngokuthi imigqa yokushaya. Imigqa emibili yokushaya igoli iphakathi kwamamitha angu-45 nangu-90 ububanzi (49 nangu-98 yd) futhi kufanele ibe nobude obufanayo. Imigqa emibili yokushaya igoli iphakathi kwamamitha angu-90 nangu-120 ubude (98 nangu-131 yd) futhi kufanele ibe nobude obufanayo. Yonke imigqa emhlabathini ibanzi ngokulinganayo, ingadluli ku-12 cm (5 in). Amakhona ephimbo aphawulwe ngamafulegi ekhoneni.

Emidlalweni yamazwe ngamazwe ubukhulu benkundla buqinile kakhulu; imigqa yamagoli iphakathi kwamamitha angu-64 no-75 (amayadi angu-70 no-82) ububanzi kanti imigqa yokuthinta iphakathi kwamamitha angu-100 no-110 (amayadi angu-110 no-120) ubude. Iningi lezinkundla zebhola lochwepheshe ezisezingeni eliphezulu, okuhlanganisa nalezo ezingamalungu amaqembu e-English Premier League, zinobude obungamayadi angu-112 kuya ku-115 (102.4 kuya ku-105.2 m) kanye nobubanzi obungamayadi angu-70 kuya ku-75 (64.0 kuya ku-68.6 m).

Nakuba igama elithi umugqa wamagoli livame ukuthathwa njengelisho kuphela leyo ngxenye yomugqa ophakathi kwezikhala zamagoli, empeleni libhekisela emgqeni ophelele kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yenkundla, kusukela efulegini elilodwa lekhoneni kuya kwelinye. Ngokuphambene, igama elithi umugqa oqondile (noma umugqa oqondile) livame ukusetshenziswa ukubhekisela kuleyo ngxenye yomugqa wamagoli ngaphandle kwezikhala zamagoli. Leli gama livame ukusetshenziswa ezincazelweni zebhola kanye nezincazelo zomdlalo, njengalesi sibonelo esivela embikweni womdlalo we-BBC: “Udeze ufika emgqeni wesobunxele bese isiphambano sakhe esijikelezayo sisuswa…”

2. Igoli Lebhola

Amagoli abekwa maphakathi nomugqa ngamunye wegoli. Lawa aqukethe izinsika ezimbili eziqondile ezibekwe kude kakhulu nezindawo zefulegi lasekhoneni, ezihlanganiswe phezulu yi-crossbar evundlile. Amaphethelo angaphakathi ezinsika alawulwa ukuthi abe ngamamitha angu-7.32 (24 ft) (ububanzi), kanti umkhawulo ongezansi we-crossbar uphakanyiswe ube ngamamitha angu-2.44 (8 ft) ngaphezu kwenkundla. Ngenxa yalokho, indawo abadlali abadubula kuyo ingamamitha-skwele angu-17.86 (192 sq. feet). Amanethi avame ukubekwa ngemuva kwegoli, yize engadingeki yiMithetho.

Izigxobo zamagoli kanye nezigxobo zokuwela kufanele zibe mhlophe, futhi zenziwe ngokhuni, ngensimbi noma ngezinye izinto ezivunyiwe. Imithetho ephathelene nokuma kwezigxobo zamagoli kanye nezigxobo zokuwela ilula kancane, kodwa kufanele ivumelane nesimo esingabangeli usongo kubadlali. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwebhola bekulokhu kukhona izigxobo zamagoli, kodwa isigxobo sokuwela asizange sasungulwa kwaze kwaba ngu-1875, ngaphambi kwalokho kwasetshenziswa intambo phakathi kwezigxobo zamagoli.

Igoli Lebhola Eliqinile Elijwayelekile le-FIFA

Igoli Lebhola Elincane

3. Utshani Bebhola

Utshani Bemvelo

Esikhathini esidlule, utshani bemvelo buvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakha izindawo zezinkundla zebhola, kodwa izinkundla zemvelo zotshani ziyabiza futhi kunzima ukuzinakekela. Izinkundla zemidlalo zotshani bemvelo zimanzi kakhulu, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile sokusetshenziswa utshani buqala ukubola futhi bufe.

Utshani Obungenziwe

Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zotshani bokwenziwa ukuthi abuwi ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, ngokungafani nohlobo lwalo lwemvelo. Uma kukhulunywa ngotshani bangempela, ilanga eliningi lingabomisa utshani, kanti imvula eningi ingabuminzisa. Njengoba utshani bemvelo buyinto ephilayo, buzwa kakhulu endaweni obukuyo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusebenzi otshanini bokwenziwa njengoba benziwe ngezinto ezenziwe ngabantu ezingathinteki yizici zemvelo.

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, utshani bemvelo buzwela kakhulu ezimweni zemvelo, okungabangela ukuqhekeka kanye nokonakala-umbala. Izinga lokukhanya kwelanga engadini yakho ngeke lifane kuyo yonke indawo, ngenxa yalokho, izingxenye ezithile zizoba nempandla futhi zibe nsundu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbewu yotshani idinga inhlabathi ukuze ikhule, okusho ukuthi izindawo zotshani bangempela zinodaka kakhulu, okuyinto engathandeki kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhula olungathandeki luzokhula ngaphakathi kotshani bakho, okunegalelo ekunakekelweni okuvele kukhathaza.

Ngakho-ke, utshani bokwenziwa buyisisombululo esiphelele. Akukhona nje ukuthi abuthinteki yizimo zemvelo, kodwa futhi abuvumeli ukhula lukhule noma udaka lusakazeke. Ekugcineni, utshani bokwenziwa buvumela ukuqeda okuhlanzekile nokungaguquguquki.

4. Indlela yokwakha inkundla yebhola ephelele

Uma ufuna ukwakha inkundla yebhola ephelele, i-LDK iyisinqumo sakho sokuqala!

I-Shenzhen LDK Industrial Co., Ltd iyifektri yemishini yezemidlalo ehlanganisa amamitha-skwele angu-50,000 enezimo zokukhiqiza ezifika kanye futhi ibilokhu izinikele ekukhiqizweni nasekuklanyweni kwemikhiqizo yezemidlalo iminyaka engu-41.

Ngomgomo wokukhiqiza othi “ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, ikhwalithi ephezulu, ubuhle, akukho ukugcinwa”, ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo iyona yokuqala embonini, futhi imikhiqizo nayo iyanconywa ngamakhasimende. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, “abalandeli” abaningi bamakhasimende bahlala bekhathazekile ngezinguquko zemboni yethu, besiphelezela ukukhula nokwenza intuthuko!

Isitifiketi Esiphelele Sokufaneleka

Sine-lSO9001, ISO14001, 0HSAS, NSCC, FIFA, CE, EN1270 njalo njalo, zonke izitifiketi zingenziwa ngokwesicelo seklayenti.