Isi y'umupira w'amaguru iri mu irushanwa rikomeye ryo kuvumbura abakinnyi bakiri bato bafite impano, ariko n'amakipe akomeye ntabwo arashyiraho amategeko ahamye kandi afatika yo gushakisha impano.
Muri iki kibazo, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n'Umwongereza Symon J. Roberts bugaragaza uburyo bworoshye kandi bufite akamaro bwo kuboneka binyuze mu isuzuma ry’abakinnyi ba kera.
Muri iyi nkuru, impuguke mu byo korora no gutoranya impano z’Umwongereza isobanura muri make imico 40 abakinnyi bakomeye bafite, ikabashyira ku rutonde hakurikijwe imyanya.
Ubuhanga bwa mbere kugeza kuri 6 bw'ingenzi cyane ukurikije umwanya
Hasi ni urutonde rwa buri kintu cy'ingenzi hakurikijwe umwanya, aho ① ihagarariye ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane.
- Hagati inyuma
①Urubanza
②Ubushobozi bw'umutwe
③Imikino yo kwirwanaho
④Umwanya uhagazeho
⑤Gukoraho bwa mbere
⑥ Ingufu
- Uruhande rw'inyuma
①Gusunika
②Inzira ndende
③Gutanga amanota neza
④Ubuhanga bwo gukora ibintu neza
⑤Gukoraho bwa mbere
⑥Kwihutisha
- Umukinnyi wo hagati
①Urubanza
② Imikorere ya tekiniki iri munsi y'igitutu
③Gutanga amanota neza
④Umwanya uhagazeho
⑤Gukoraho bwa mbere
⑥Kwihangana
- Myugariro wo ku ruhande
①Urubanza
② Imikorere ya tekiniki iri munsi y'igitutu
③Inzira ndende
④Gutembagara
⑤ Ubuhanga bwo gukora
⑥ Ukwihangana
- Imbere
①Ubushobozi bwo guteganya
②Gufata amasasu
③Gukoraho bwa mbere
④Ubushobozi bwo kwigira ku wundi muntu
⑤ Umuvuduko w'imigendere (abasatirizi bagaragara gusa mu ba mbere 5)
Akamaro k'ubushishozi
Ukurikije urutonde rw'imico yavuzwe haruguru muri buri mwanya, imico "yo mu mutwe" n' "ya tekiniki" ifite imyanya myinshi kuri urwo rutonde.
By’umwihariko, "guca urubanza" byashyizwe ku rutonde rw’ibintu by’ingenzi cyane muri ibyo bice bitatu, bigaragaza ko guca urubanza ari kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi mu kuba umukinnyi mwiza.
Ariko se, agaciro k'ubushishozi gasuzumwa neza mu bikorwa n'abatoza n'abaskuti?
Mu gusuzuma amakosa y'abakinnyi, Ishyirahamwe ry'Umupira w'Amaguru mu Budage ryigisha abatoza kubanza gutandukanya niba ikosa ryatewe n'ikibazo cya tekiniki (kigaragara) cyangwa ikosa ryatewe n'ikosa mu guca urubanza (ritagaragara).
Urugero, iyo umukinnyi akoze amakosa menshi yo gukubita umupira mu mukino, umutoza ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kongera imbaraga mu myitozo yo "gutera umupira neza". Ariko, niba amakosa menshi ari mu nzira yo guca umupira, icyo gihe kunoza ubushishozi ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi.
Mu byumvikana neza, ibi ntibivuze ko guca imanza bigomba kunozwa hirengagijwe uburyo bwo guca imanza, kuko byombi bifitanye isano rikomeye. Guca imanza no guca imanza birajyana, kandi ntushobora kugira kimwe udafite ikindi.
Imiterere y'umubiri ntabwo ari ngombwa cyane?
Urebye imiterere y'abakinnyi ukurikije imyanya, imiterere y'ubwenge n'iy'ikoranabuhanga bizamuka cyane, aho imiterere y'umubiri igera ku rutonde rw'ibintu bigera kuri 1-2 kuri buri mwanya. Ese ibi bivuze ko imiterere y'umubiri atari ingenzi mu mupira w'amaguru?
Igisubizo ni oya!
Uko urwego rw'amarushanwa rugenda rwiyongera, ni nako icyifuzo cy'imiterere y'umubiri kigenda kiyongera. None se kuki imico y'umubiri atari igice kinini cy'uru rutonde?
Ibi biterwa nuko urutonde rushingiye ku gitekerezo cy'uko abakinnyi bafite urwego rwo hejuru rw'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Kubwibyo, imyitozo ngororamubiri ikomeye ni cyo kintu cy'ibanze gisabwa, kandi hejuru yibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kugaragaza ibintu nk'imbaraga no kwihuta.
Ni ubuhe bumenyi busabwa kuri buri mwanya kandi bugaragazwa bute?
Hagati inyuma
Gusuzuma ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi ku bakinnyi b'inyuma bo hagati, kandi bifitanye isano rya hafi n'ibi ni uguhitamo aho bakina. Aho kwishingikiriza ku muvuduko kugira ngo bahangane n'abakinnyi bihuta, bakinnyi b'inyuma bo hagati basoma uko umukino uhagaze hanyuma bagakoresha ubwenge bwabo kugira ngo bakoreshe umwanya mbere y'uko abo bakina babikora. Mu mupira w'amaguru wa none, umwanya uri imbere y'izamu warushijeho kuba muto, ibi bikaba bishimangira akamaro ko gusuzuma.
Byongeye kandi, abakinnyi b'inyuma bo hagati bagomba kuba bashoboye kugaragaza ubuhanga bwo gutera umutwe no kwirwanaho imbere y'izamu, ibi bikaba ari ingenzi kuri uyu mwanya.
Abakinnyi b'inyuma ku ruhande
Gutera umupira ku mwanya wa mbere mu buryo bw'ingenzi, bigaragaza akamaro ko guhagarika abakinnyi bahanganye gutera umupira. Byongeye kandi, umukinnyi ukina inyuma agomba kuba afite ubushobozi bwo gutera imipira myiza kugira ngo agire uruhare runini mu gusatira no mu mukino w'ikipe utera umupira.
Iyo umukinnyi wa wingback akiriye umupira agahura n'igitutu giterwa n'ikipe yose ihanganye, azabasha guhangana n'ikibazo neza niba ashobora kunoza ubuhanga bwo gukoraho umupira bwa mbere, bizamuha amahitamo menshi yo gutsinda no kugenzura umupira, kandi akaba imbaraga ikomeye mu ikipe.
Abakinnyi bo hagati
Abakinnyi bo hagati bakunze gukina ahantu hadafite umwanya munini n'igitutu gikomeye kiva mu ikipe bahanganye, bityo ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza ubuhanga bwabo mu gitutu ni ingenzi cyane. Gusuzuma ni ingenzi kugira ngo ubuhanga bwa tekiniki bukoreshwe neza.
Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo guhitamo umwanya nabwo ni ikintu cy'ingenzi, cyane cyane mu mupira w'amaguru wo muri iki gihe, aho ubushobozi bwo gukoresha no guca mu "mbavu" uhanganye n'ubwirinzi buto ari ingenzi. Iyo umupira wakiriwe mu gituza, gukoraho umupira bwa mbere na byo ni ingenzi cyane kandi bifasha umukinnyi gukomeza vuba agatera urundi rugamba.
Imbere cyane
Kimwe n'umukinnyi wo hagati mu kibuga, ikintu cy'ingenzi ku mwanya w'umukinnyi wo hagati mu kibuga ni ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza ubuhanga mu gihe ari mu gitutu ndetse n'ubushishozi bukenewe kugira ngo ashyigikire ubwo bushobozi.
Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo guhanahana umupira no kuwutwara nabyo bivugwa nk'ibintu by'ingenzi, aho abatera umupira ku maguru bakunze gusabwa gukora cyane nk'ahantu ho gutangirira ibitero no guhanga amahirwe yo gutsinda.
Ibintu bibiri by’ingenzi biranga umukinnyi ukina inyuma y’ikibuga - ubushobozi bwo gukora cyane no kwihangana - nabyo biravugwa nk'ibintu by'ingenzi. Ubuhanga bufasha mu kubyara inyungu mu mpinduka hagati yo gutera no kurinda, mu gihe ubushobozi bwo gukora neza butari gusa ku gutera gusa, ahubwo bunagaragaza akamaro k'uruhare rw'umukinnyi ukina inyuma mu kurinda umupira w'amaguru ugezweho.
Rutahizamu.
"Iziba ry'igitego" rikunze gukoreshwa mu gusobanura imico y'umuntu usanzwe utsinda igitego, ariko ubu bushobozi mu by'ukuri bushingiye ku kwitega neza. Abakinnyi bafite ubwo bushobozi bwo guteganya no kuba bahari ku gihe kugira ngo bagere ku mahirwe yo gusatira, nka Thomas Muller, Inzaghi, Levin, n'abandi.
Byongeye kandi, imico nko kurasa, gukoraho bwa mbere, guhuza umupira n'umuntu umwe ndetse n'umuvuduko w'umukino byose bibanda ku mikinire mu gice cy'izamu cyangwa hafi yacyo. Ubu bushobozi ni ubwo kwisobanura; ba rutahizamu, nk'umukinnyi urangiza ikipe, bagomba kugaragaza ubuhanga mu gihe kiri imbere y'izamu, kandi aho rutahizamu aherereye ntabwo bisaba umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa ubushobozi bwo mu kirere.
Tera imbere ijisho ryo kumenya ubushobozi bw'abakinnyi, ukareba abatoza b'ejo hazaza no guhitamo impano.
Uruvange rw'ubunararibonye bw'umuntu wabayeho mu bihe byashize hamwe no gushyira mu gaciro ubuhanga bukenewe kuri buri mwanya bizafasha kongera amahirwe yo kumenya abakinnyi bashobora gukina!
Mu kwibanda ku guhuza abakinnyi bafite imico itandukanye, ntuzabasha kubafasha kubona abakinnyi bakwiriye umwanya wabo gusa, ahubwo uzabasha no kwagura ubushobozi bwabo bwo gutera imbere.
Uwasohoye:
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 13-2024











